Erosion and Deposition
E.SE.06.12 - Explain how waves, wind, water, and glacier movement, shape and reshape the land surface of the Earth by eroding rock in some areas and depositing sediments in other areas.
Erosion: The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathering rock and soil.
Deposition: Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
Weathering, erosion, and deposition act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth's surface.
Moving water is the agent of erosion that made earth's surface.
Runoff is the water that remains over earth's surface. When the runoff travels there is tiny grooves in the soil that is called rills.
After a rain storm a gully/channel in the soil takes the runnoff.
A stream is the type of water that continuously flows in a slope.
Rivers are large stream.
Usually during erosion, a river creates valleys, waterfalls, floodplains, meanders, and oxbow lakes. Waterfalls actually form when a river meets a spot of rocks that is very hard and rolls slowly. The river flows over this rock and then flows over a soft pile of rocks. Then sooner or later, a waterfall develops where the softer rock was removed. This is actually how Niagara Falls was made also.
The flat, wide area of land along a river is a floodplain. The river usually covers its floodplain. When there is a wide flood plain, the valley walls could be many meters away from the river itself. Another river related word is meander. A meander is a loop like bend in the course of a river. When the river widens from each side, it tends to consume the outer bank and drop sediment on the inner bank of a bend.
Where a stream flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley, the stream suddenly becomes wider and shallow. The water slows down. Here sediment are deposited and becomes alluvial fans. As its name suggested, it is shaped like a fan.
A river ends its journey when it flows into a still body of water, such as an ocean or lake. Because this water is no longer going downhill, the water slows down. This makes sediment. This sediment piles to make deltas. Deltas can be a variety of shapes: some are arch - shaped, others are triangles.
Deposition also occurs during floods. Then heavy rains or melting snow cause a river to rise above its bank and stretch out over its floodplain. When the water retreats, it deposits sediment as new soil. Also Soil on Flood plains are perfect for crops.
Waterfalls: A steep flow of water off of a cascade.
Rapids: A part of a river where the current runs swiftly.
Meanders: The part in a river where water flows across easily eroded sediment. This channel bends from side to side.
Flood Plains: These form when a river's power of erosion widens its valley, instead of deepening it.
Oxbow Lakes: An oxbow lake is formed when sediment is deposited in a meander, and blocks that part off.
Beaches: These are formed when rivers carry sand downstream, and the sand spreads out along the coast.
Valleys: An indent in between two hills in which a river may run through.
Tributaries: A small river or stream that gives the main river water and sediment.
Valley Widening: This happens when the river approaches sea level, and can
Deltas:The part of the river where sediment is deposited.
Groundwater (The water underground) can cause erosion through a process of weathering. In rainy regions, where there is a layer of limestone, groundwater erosion can change the shape of land. The action of carbonic acid on limestone can result in deposition. Streams are very rare on limestone, but caverns and deep valleys are very common.
Groundwater: The term geologist use for underground water
Stalactite: A deposit that hangs like an icicle from the roof of a cave.
Stalagmite: Slow dripping that forms into a cone shape from the cave floor.
Karst Topography: A type of landscape in rainy regions where there is limestone near the surface, characterized by caverns, sinkholes, and valleys.
Deposition: Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
Weathering, erosion, and deposition act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth's surface.
Moving water is the agent of erosion that made earth's surface.
Runoff is the water that remains over earth's surface. When the runoff travels there is tiny grooves in the soil that is called rills.
After a rain storm a gully/channel in the soil takes the runnoff.
A stream is the type of water that continuously flows in a slope.
Rivers are large stream.
Usually during erosion, a river creates valleys, waterfalls, floodplains, meanders, and oxbow lakes. Waterfalls actually form when a river meets a spot of rocks that is very hard and rolls slowly. The river flows over this rock and then flows over a soft pile of rocks. Then sooner or later, a waterfall develops where the softer rock was removed. This is actually how Niagara Falls was made also.
The flat, wide area of land along a river is a floodplain. The river usually covers its floodplain. When there is a wide flood plain, the valley walls could be many meters away from the river itself. Another river related word is meander. A meander is a loop like bend in the course of a river. When the river widens from each side, it tends to consume the outer bank and drop sediment on the inner bank of a bend.
Where a stream flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley, the stream suddenly becomes wider and shallow. The water slows down. Here sediment are deposited and becomes alluvial fans. As its name suggested, it is shaped like a fan.
A river ends its journey when it flows into a still body of water, such as an ocean or lake. Because this water is no longer going downhill, the water slows down. This makes sediment. This sediment piles to make deltas. Deltas can be a variety of shapes: some are arch - shaped, others are triangles.
Deposition also occurs during floods. Then heavy rains or melting snow cause a river to rise above its bank and stretch out over its floodplain. When the water retreats, it deposits sediment as new soil. Also Soil on Flood plains are perfect for crops.
Waterfalls: A steep flow of water off of a cascade.
Rapids: A part of a river where the current runs swiftly.
Meanders: The part in a river where water flows across easily eroded sediment. This channel bends from side to side.
Flood Plains: These form when a river's power of erosion widens its valley, instead of deepening it.
Oxbow Lakes: An oxbow lake is formed when sediment is deposited in a meander, and blocks that part off.
Beaches: These are formed when rivers carry sand downstream, and the sand spreads out along the coast.
Valleys: An indent in between two hills in which a river may run through.
Tributaries: A small river or stream that gives the main river water and sediment.
Valley Widening: This happens when the river approaches sea level, and can
Deltas:The part of the river where sediment is deposited.
Groundwater (The water underground) can cause erosion through a process of weathering. In rainy regions, where there is a layer of limestone, groundwater erosion can change the shape of land. The action of carbonic acid on limestone can result in deposition. Streams are very rare on limestone, but caverns and deep valleys are very common.
Groundwater: The term geologist use for underground water
Stalactite: A deposit that hangs like an icicle from the roof of a cave.
Stalagmite: Slow dripping that forms into a cone shape from the cave floor.
Karst Topography: A type of landscape in rainy regions where there is limestone near the surface, characterized by caverns, sinkholes, and valleys.
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Glacial Erosion
Wind Erosion and Deposition
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